Solar integration charges could make solar projects uneconomic and set a dangerous precedent. GridLab's expert gave testimony in four cases. The expert strongly criticized the methodology of the utilities, and requested the commission to cancel the proposed charges. The charges were later dropped by the commission. We are now waiting for the outcome of these proceedings.
Inverters
Inverters convert alternating power from a DC source into direct current (DC). Inverters use fast switching to convert the input DC power to AC current. The output is often filtered in order to create a clean sinewave that can be injected into power grid. The repeating sine waves are free of harmonics, that can damage electrical equipment.
Inverters can also provide reactive power and grid services. When electricity is supplied, voltage and current synchronize. If there is a prolonged disturbance, a smart inverter will detect it and shut down the power supply. This is vital because if power flows through a circuit and it doesn't get absorbed by devices, it loses efficiency. Therefore, more power will be required to produce the same "real power".
Inverter technology
The inverter is a critical component of solar integration, allowing for continuous voltage, frequency, and reactive power to feed into the electric grid. It is also a critical interface between PV modules and the grid, enabling the most efficient feed-in of solar power. Many inverter manufacturers offer post-installation support services to help ensure continued energy production and a high level of performance.
An inverter converts solar panels to AC power. These devices are often installed behind individual solar panels, but some are also included with solar panels.
Inverter costs
A solar converter converts solar power to alternating current or AC. Its job is to reduce the voltage to 120 V, while increasing the current. The inverter's peak efficiency is a measure of its maximum power. Its power output is equal to its voltage and current. Temperature and sunlight will affect its efficiency.
New PV systems should be able reduce inverter costs and improve reliability to meet the increasing number of solar installations. This is crucial to make the transition from solar energy to the grid easier. These costs are being reduced by inverter makers.
Grid compatibility
A key consideration when designing a PV system is grid compatibility. Solar power is not like traditional power generation. It is fed directly into a distribution grid. Therefore, it must meet high standards of safety and reliability. In Germany, new PV projects must prove grid compatibility to obtain public funding and tax benefits. Third-party certification organizations that are accredited by the government review the design documentation and ensure that there is no problem with the connection to the grid.
To ensure grid compatibility for solar integration, it is necessary to understand the whole energy system. This includes all factors that affect DER operators, utilities and end users. A holistic approach is key to building a more secure, reliable and resilient energy system. Inverters, smart inverters, and battery energy storage system are just a few of the emerging technologies that can help increase grid resilience and provide new economic opportunities.
Utility-scale solar integration
The differences in state and local authorities can make it difficult to integrate utility-scale solar energy. Although there are some common requirements across all states', regulations between the states can vary greatly. Regional reliability entities oversee regulatory bodies. This can have an impact on the feasibility of utility-scale, solar integration. One example is that an electric utility in one jurisdiction might have different requirements and policies for solar projects than another.
Utility-scale solar projects have the advantage of economies of scale. You can generate up to 1 kW of electricity for each 100 square feet of solar panel. A megawatt generated electricity will require an additional five to 10 acres.