Solar panels collect sunlight and convert it into electricity. You can find them in many forms, including on roofs, roads signs, spacecraft, and other places. They function by allowing photons knock out electrons from atoms. Photovoltaic cells are typically made up of two slices from a semi-conducting metal, typically silicon.
Photovoltaic effect
Sunlight hitting a solar panel causes a chemical change that creates an electric current. This phenomenon is called the photovoltaic effects. The process is both physical and chemical, and is one of the most effective ways to produce electricity. It is also a popular method for renewable energy generation.
The intensity of the sun, the time of the day and the amount of electricity generated by solar panels will affect the amount of electricity that is produced. Moreover, the number of panels and geographical location also affect the amount of electricity generated.
Silicon atoms
Solar panels are made from silicon atoms that generate electricity. If energy is added to pure silica, electrons or holes are released. These free carriers are found in the crystalline lattice searching for holes to conduct electrical current. The number of free carriers in pure silicon is very small. The addition of boron makes the silicon crystals have a few more electrons. It creates empty spaces.
The electrons of excited electrons move from the band of valence to into the band of conduction, producing electricity. This creates an electric field which allows electricity to flow through the solar cell. The free electrons are called light-generated electrons and holes. The resulting charge can either be a positive or a negative current.
Glass casing
Glass has a lower weight than most other materials. The average square meter of 4mm thick glass weighs around 10kg, which is not much. There are many thicknesses that glass can be made, including 0.12 inches and 0.25. But it is important that you note that different types have different levels optical transmittance. Glass is easy to make. Glass can be made using only soda ash or sand. This makes it an affordable material.
The original glass panel's casing is clear. But, a thin layer has been applied to the photovoltaic film. While coated glass is not as efficient and cost-effective as full solar panels it is still much cheaper. Low-iron glass is another option. It allows for more sunlight to pass through than normal glass and is thus more efficient. The glass can be used as a covering or base.
Inverter
An important component of any sun power system is an inverter. These devices take raw DC electricity and convert it to usable AC. Modern appliances use this AC power. An inverter, which can be used to harness the power of solar energy and decrease your utility bills, is an option.
The inverter drives an oscillator. The oscillator alters the frequency and voltage. This sine wave is the result of this change. Higher quality inverters will produce a more pure sine wave output. To produce this wave, it uses a combination inductors and capacitors.